Brake lining



May 26, 1925. w 1,539,444

E. J. TRAINOR v B'RAKE LINING Filed Sept. 9. 1921 1 ll l 1 1| I wi M 1 aMNVENTOR Patented May 26, 1925.

UNITED STATES EDWARD Human, or BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, nssrenon TO AsBEs'ros' spinn ng A-ND WEAVING conronarron, or NEW YORK, n. Y., a CORPORATIONor' nnw YORK,

Application filed September 9, 1921. Serial No. 499,557.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD J. TRAINon, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Brooklyn, county of Kin s, State of New York, haveinvented an l mprovement 1n Brake Linings, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to a lining-for friction brakes and is particularlyapplicable to the brake linings used in motor vehicles which operateunder extremely adverse conditions of friction, heat andexposure.

My improved brake lining in its preferred form embodies a woven fabriccomprising strands of wire interwoven with strands of heat resistingfibrous material such as asbestos which may-be impregnated if desiredwith a suitable substance such as rubber compound, bitumen, etc.

My invention further embodies a brake lining formed of strands of wireinterwoven with strands, or ropes of asbestosfiber in such a manner thatthe ropes of asbe tos-are .compressively held in a hard twisted state,whereby the tensile strength of said ropes is materially increasedpermitting the elimination of a filler such as cotton fiber or the like.

In the drawings I have shown in Figure 1 a front view of a piece of myimproved brake lining,

Figure 2 a sectional view thereof and in Figure 3 a perspective andsectional view showing the method of building up a brake lining from apiece of my improved brake lining fabric.

It will be understood that the fabric comprises a warp of wires 1 whichare chosen with reference to the conditions of use of the brake liningand are preferably of a relatively high tensile strength and of a characI ter to resist abrasion. These wires are so :related to the weftstrands 2 of thefabric as to compress and hold the fibers of each weftstrand in intimate contact with one another f by clam ing the weftstrands between adjacent warp wires, it being understood that the weftstrands are formed of twisted strands of heat resisting fibrous materialsuch as asbestos and that the fibers of such strands are frequentlyrelatively short. It is the practice in the manufacture of asbestosstrands to incorporate in the strandsa certain amount of cotton fiber toenable the strands to be spun, but obviously in the use BRAKE LINING.

. of asbestos .for brake liningslit great extent, if not altogether,with, the cotton .fiber. This method of constructionalso adds greatly tothe strengthof. the fabric and to its wear as it prevents the fraying ofthe asbestos fibers upon the surface of the fabric.

In making the fabric into a brake lining I prefer'to fold the fabricalong the line of the warp wires asshown in Figure 3, covering thefolded strip with rubber or other sultable composition and vulcanizingor otherwise attaching to the back thereof a canvas or similar strip 3.

it, will be noted that in cutting and foldingthe fabric into a brakelining accurate cutting dies are unnecessary since the fabric may beout, along the line of the warp wires and when so cut will not fray atthe edge.

Similarly, in folding the fabric as indicated above the fold is madealong one of the warp wires and consequently is certain to be straightand to thereby preventthe possibilit of any bias pull being exerted upont e fabric when cut. My improved brake lining presents many advantagesover the brake linings used at the present time in addition to thosereferred' to above. For instance, dueto the closeness of the'weave andto the great uniformity in thickness resulting from the constructiondescribed above, the brake lining exerts an portance. since itpermitsdispensing -to effective friction over a greater area and is morecertainly and easily attached bymeans.

of rivets, there being no danger of the rivets pulling through thelining as they are certain to engage a substantial number of wire'warpthreads.

My improved brake lining also has a longer life due to the largepercentage of wire in the fabric and the high compression of theasbestos and the large bearing surface presented. It presents agreatresistance to the pull of the Brake drum upon the lining since the pullof the brake drum is in the direction of the warp, that is, the

direction of the metallic wires. The asbestos or other heat resistingmaterial be- 1 What Ifclaim is:

ing held by the warp wires cannot The liningis stifi and consequentlyeasily handled J scribed above cannot fray at the edges.

It will be evident that many modifications:

may ".be made' without departing from the spiritof my invention and I don'otwish to confine myself to the precise details shown anddescmbed i Y1 1. A brake lining including interwoven strands v a heat resistingfibrous material.

52. A brake -.linin'g including intei wovenp strands of-bare wire andasbestos, :said strandslzofwire compressively clamping the strandspfasbestos.

3. A ibrake lining including interworen,

-. rands-of bare wire. and: strands of a fibrous heat resistingmaterial, the wire being so related to the strands of heat resistingmaterial as to'holflithe fibers. thereof in compressiveclampingcontactwith one another,

-whereby Fhard hi 'QP the fl s material'are .fiormed.

folded upon itself .a'lo

'straiids of bare and applied, and if made as d e fibrous materialfolded'upon itselialongitlie wires, a; weft ofofwire and hardtwistedstrands of alo mm of wire ma wines."

hmng interwoven wire ,and heat res line of the wires, coatedwithi'ajresiiient com- 6." A brake lini comprising a warp to! related to'the --a'sbestos weft to hold the fibers thereof in close contact,folded along the line of the warp wires, 7 impregnated having atwithafrhbber composition and tachedthereto a backing of canvas. I 7; A brakelining comprising a, warp of ires, a weft of twisted strands ofasbestos,

t e warp wires being so related to theiweft of asbestos strands as tocompressively hold the latter in a hard twisted condition, foldedmisting stem the 0t ith I the wires being the line of the warp wires,impregi he with a flexible'chemical binder, and having attached: theretoa backingof cans} vas. I; In testimony whereof, I- have signed my;

name to this specification thie -18th. day. of p h August, 1921. brakeliningfz coinprising' interwoven 1 g EDWARIiJ TBAINOR.

